全民阅读背景下图书馆阅读氛围危机的防范与化解对策研究

介绍了全民阅读背景下图书馆服务的现实窘境,分析了图书馆阅读氛围危机产生的原因,研究了图书馆化解阅读氛围危机的现实需求,提出图书馆阅读氛围危机的防范与化解对策。     

Predicting the potential geographic distribution of Bactrocera bryoniae and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Diptera: Tephritidae) in China using MaxEnt ecological niche modeling

Bactrocera bryoniae and Bactrocera neohumeralis are highly destructive and major biosecurity/quarantine pests of fruit and vegetable in the tropical and subtropical regions in the South Pacific and Australia. Although these pests have not established in China, precautions must be taken due to their highly destructive nature. Thus, we predicted the potential geographic distribution of B. bryoniae and B. neohumeralis across the world and in particular China by ecological niche modeling of the Maximum Entropy(Max Ent) model with the occurrence records of these two species. Bactrocera bryoniae and B. neohumeralis exhibit similar potential geographic distribution ranges across the world and in China, and each species was predicted to be able to distribute to over 20% of the globe. Globally, the potential geographic distribution ranges for these two fruit fly species included southern Asia, the central and the southeast coast of Africa, southern North America, northern and central South America, and Australia. While within China, most of the southern Yangtze River area was found suitable for these species. Notably, southern China was considered to have the highest risk of B. bryoniae and B. neohumeralis invasions. Our study identifies the regions at high risk for potential establishment of B. bryoniae and B. neohumeralis in the world and in particular China, and informs the development of inspection and biosecurity/quarantine measures to prevent and control their invasions.     

狂犬病病毒HEP-Flury M基因重排后在小鼠神经母细胞瘤细胞中的表型分析

【目的】探究狂犬病病毒HEP-Flury M基因重排对基因转录和蛋白表达的影响,揭示病毒在小鼠神经母细胞瘤(NA)细胞中的表型变化与M基因重排的相关性。【方法】通过荧光定量PCR、Western blot以及病毒在NA细胞中的生长和扩散试验,对亲本毒株rHEP-Flury和M基因重排毒株M2、M4在NA细胞中的基因转录、表达、生长和扩散进行比较。【结果】狂犬病病毒结构基因的转录和表达主要受病毒基因组RNA合成的影响,但是在一个完整转录过程中单个结构基因的转录比例与其所在位置相关,M基因重排病毒的Leader RNA (LeRNA)和L mRNA的转录比例显著高于亲本毒株rHEP-Flury。M基因重排病毒在NA细胞中的生长和扩散都劣于亲本毒株rHEPFlury。【结论】狂犬病病毒亲本毒株rHEP-Flury具有狂犬病病毒原始的基因组顺序,在NA细胞中的生长和扩散都明显优于M基因重排病毒。结构基因在基因组中的位置主要决定其在一次转录过程中的转录比例,进而影响病毒在NA细胞中的生长和扩散。     

基于最大熵模型预测小火蚁在我国的适生区

小火蚁是中国大陆新发现的重要外来入侵害虫, 目前对该虫的传入来源和在我国的适生区范围尚不明确?为明确我国小火蚁适生区范围, 有效防控该虫在我国的扩散和蔓延, 本研究通过该虫全球已有的分布数据, 采用最大熵模型对其适生区进行了预测?研究表明, 最大熵模型预测小火蚁适生区精度较高?预测结果显示, 我国小火蚁的潜在适生区主要分布于南方, 其中, 高适生区分布在台湾?海南?云南南部边境?广西西南局部?福建西南部?广东南部及其沿海地区?预测结果与该物种现有地理范围的生态条件一致?年降水量对小火蚁的适生性影响最大, 理论年降水量为2 040 mm时小火蚁分布的概率最高?随着全球气候变暖, 未来我国小火蚁的适生区有向北扩大的趋势, 但主要适生区还是以南方为主?     

Bioinformatics Analysis of gB Gene of Porcine Lymphotropic Herpesviruses Strain GD27

The glycoproteins B (gB) gene of porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses 2 (PLHV-2)was amplified by PCR and sequenced, then bioinformatics analysis were conducted. The gB protein was composed of 876 amino acids, the molecular formula was C₄₅₀₀H₆₉₇₅N₁₁₉₉O₁₃₅₁S₄₀, the molecular mass was 100.77 ku, the value of theoretical isoelectric point was 6.45, and the instability index was 38.58. The prediction of secondary structure revealed that some alpha helixes and beta sheets exist in protein while random coil was major pattern. It had a signal peptide in the position 1-39 amino acids and a transmembrane helice in the position 761-780 amino acids. It contained several prosites and several intrinsically disordered proteins. Tertiary structure model of gB protein showed a fusion loop. Multiple antigenic epitope located in gB through comprehensive analysis prediction method. It was suggested that gB gene could be as a candidate antigen for vaccination of PLHV-2.     

藜草花叶病毒的研究概述

藜草花叶病毒(Sowbane mosaic virus,So MV)是菠菜上的重要有害生物,可通过种子、花粉、昆虫介体和机械等方式传播。随着我国种子、种苗进口量的进一步扩大和产业化种植,藜草花叶病毒传入我国的风险非常大。本文综述了藜草花叶病毒的生物学特性、分布、寄主范围、为害症状、传播途径、检测技术等,论述了藜草花叶病毒传入我国的潜在危害性和风险。     

浅谈细部处理在景观建筑中的重要性——以广州二沙岛新世界棕榈园小区花园为例

细部处理往往可以决定一个景观项目的成败,可见其重要性不可忽视。本文通过对广州二沙岛新世界棕榈园小区花园的景观细部分析,具体阐述细部处理在景观建筑中的重要性。     

An unusual and novel heterozygous TCIRG1 mutation causes infantile malignant osteopetrosis

AIM: To investigate the underlying genetic changes of a Chinese patient with infantile malignant osteopetrosis (IMO). IMO is a monogenic disease, mostly caused by mutations of TCIRG1 and CLCN7 genes. The former is believed a homozygous gene and only cause the disease in homozygous or compound heterozygous status. However, it has been reported that heterozygous mutations also cause the disease in 6 non-Chinese cases. METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of the patient and his parents. All exons and splice sites of TCIRG1 and CLCN7 genes were amplified by PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Mutation detection in the 2 genes was also investigated in the parents. Haplotypes were constructed by variations obtained in mutation detection and microsatillites flanking TCIRG1 gene in the family by Cyrillic. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) was performed to detect copy number variations (CNV) of the patient and his mother. RESULTS: A novel mutation c.449_452delAGAG (p.Gln149Glnfs16) was detected in the patient. This mutation truncated 666 amino acids at the C terminal of the V-ATPase 116 kD isoform a3 protein. It wiped out the entire ATPase V0 complex and was predicted to result in total loss of protein function. This mutation was also detected in the patient's father. No pathogenic mutation was detected in CLCN7 gene. CMA did not reveal any CNV involving TCIRG1 or CLCN7 gene. CONCLUSION: We reported a novel heterozygous mutation of TCIRG1 gene causing IMO. This represents the first IMO case in China caused by heterozygous TCIRG1 gene mutation.     

从尼日利亚进境的芋头中截获最短尾短体线虫

广东检验检疫技术中心植检实验室于2008年4月从尼日利亚进境的芋头中分离到数条短体线虫,经纯培养、形态观察、测量,以及对rDNA-ITS、D2D3区序列的扩增、克隆、测序分析,鉴定为最短尾短体线虫(Pratylenchus brachyurus(Godfrey,1929)Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven,1941)。该线虫在国内局部分布,属于检疫性线虫,在系统内首次截获。     

广东口岸进境蔬菜种子携带的杂草种子及其萌发

对我国广东口岸进境蔬菜种子携带的杂草种子情况进行了统计和分析,发现来自澳大利亚、美国、新西兰、丹麦、日本和泰国的蔬菜种子容易携带杂草籽.其中白菜种、菜心种、芥兰种、胡萝卜种、菠菜种和芫茜种等蔬菜种子容易携带杂草种子.对截获批次多、含量多的杂草种子进行了萌发实验,发现多数种子都能萌发.其中黄花羽扇豆、兵豆、鸡眼草、黑麦草、反枝苋的种子萌发率在90%以上,还发现部分杂草种子携带真菌病害.